I am a senior at the University of Pittsburgh Majoring in History. My concentration in the History Major is Europe abroad from east to west. I originally started out my college "career" at the University of Pittsburgh at Titusville pursuing to become a Physical Therapy Assistant. After two years I transferred to the main campus in Pittsburgh and decided late into my junior year, that I rather have a career as a historian! Weird enough, I love where I'm at and I am looking at many directions to go with the History Major I possibly can, and yes there are many, I assure you! I started the coroner case project in January 2008 and I really enjoy it! I wanted to get into this project to learn more about archiving and research more about Pittsburgh.
Working Notes:
1953-1955
Weirdly enough, I have only worked with the months October, November, and December. In those three months, in that year span coronary occlusion is the popular term. Coronary occlusion is the partial or complete obstruction of blood flow in coronary occlusions, more frequently causing heart attacks. Many of the cases vary from causes, from high blood pressure, medication, to falling to the floor accidents.1/22/08
1956,1958
This week has been rather interesting to say the least. First off, Coronary occlusion is still the popular term; however, this may be a small guess, but as the years slowing climb up, so does medical technology advances and the ability to determine medical causes. Coronary occlusion in the pass was a vague term for a heart attack, but a heart attack can occur in many different ways. I have covered two months in 1956(August, September) and a whole month consisting of over 250 cases in April 1958. The terms coronary Thrombosis , coronary Myocarditis, Myocardial infection, and coronary artery insufferay. Which are hearts attacks, but another form, and more technical than before. It’s a small number but each month it grows by one or two in each category and even a new category appearing. This could mean 1) Autopsies’ are more thorough in their finds 2) doctors have the better equipment to make a diagnosis as either a patient is coming into the hospital or 3) the corner case office is more thorough in there investigation. Hopefully I will find more trends upcoming in the future years.
Another thing I have found was an interesting increase of the decease that had pneumonia before they pass away in the month of April. Either chronic bronchial pneumonia or lobar pneumonia, they had before they passed away, found in their system. What’s so interesting is two things:
1) They HAD it, but were not the cause of death. Many, and when I so many, over 10 cases I found in the month of April alone had the bacteria and either passed out and fell down the steps, or crack there head on a bathtub before a bath (195804_076), and 5 cases died of serious cases of pneumonia.
2) The correlation that April is a wet, muggy, and cold infested month. More cases may occur in a wet month such as April rather than the summer or early fall, which this could be a contributing factor.
BG 1/28/08
1959, 1960
What seems to be the popular term, and what I'm semi-following is the term of Coronary occlusion; however, this term as I was guess is slowing moving out of the picture. it still a cause of death, but now their have been more cardio vascular accidents and myocardial infraction, heart diseases, about two more in each month at a time. This means the people of 1959 aren't experiencing more heart attacks, but doctors are able to determine more distinctively what the cause of death is.
Here is a new item I have decided to follow. This isn't a common thing, but the occurrence of incidents of burn victims. Burn victims most commonly receive 2nd & 3rd degree burns and die by following shock/hemorrhage. Not the case all the time, not just shock but there were cases of pneumonia, suffocation. Another trend, that I'm starting to follow, is the age of burn victims. Mostly, burn accidents are accidents...by careless or forgetful mistakes. In my findings alone, I have noticed the age of victims to be divided into 2 groups: under 12 and over 60. Those have been the most frequent age group. Is this common? You have younger kids playing with hot stoves, matches (196003-094) and explosions. I'm currently taking a census of this, for the journal.
BG 2/11/08
1961
The popular term still occuring in my finds is cornary occlusion, but as perdicted has went down as the years keep coming, more common terms and one in perticualar is Asteio Sclerotic heart diease, which has taken many lives.
BG
Some like it hot
This category is dedicated to all of those whom have been taken by house fires and related innocents. Most of the fires that I have come across are house fires. Most house fires are caused by bad electrical circuitry, cigarette and cigar ashes that have found their way to bedding and clothing, and the most common is gas stove innocents. One case I have found (196106_030) involved an older woman at the age of 81, who was cooking what was hopefully a wonderful diner for herself, caught her clothes on fire, covering 80% of her body, her death resulting from shock and a 1-2-3 degree burns. What’s interesting here was report that it started a fire on her, but the house caught on fire afterwards. This might be a bad theory, but a decent well educated one that the older woman thought of the stop drop and roll technique. In relation a common cause of death for older generation is falling to the floor. I believe by her trying to stop drop and roll the fire out she might of passed out by shock and hemorrhage and brought the fire to the floor to spread.
This is not the first time I came across this. In dec. 1960 another older woman who was having an evening smoke dropped a cigarette on her clothes which spread to her bed sheets to the rest of the house. (1960_159)
Something I'm going to cover more thoroughly and pay attention to is the deaths of burn victims, that don't die of 1-2-3 degree burns or just shock and hemorrhage, but relate causes that pertain to this. An example is in December 1959, a man who was lighting a pipe accidently ashed on himself and caught his clothes on fire and suffered from 3rd degree burns; however, he did not die that night, he was rushed to the hospital. Had many blood transfusions and developed a Bi later/ bronco Pneumonia. He passed away in March 1960 from this. (196003_196)
I'm looking into more deaths like these and seeing if there is more of a connection, rather than just reported 1-2-3 degree burns, mostly because there is not allot of investigation going towards this.
BG 2/24/08
1961
working on files in June this week in 61', there was more than ussual drowning deaths. This could be accounted by many swimming accidents in public pools and rivers. In about 90 files I observed in june this year there was 4 drownings (196106_118, 196106_127, 196106_158, 196106_166). Which is rather unusal to come across , most drownings reported that I have found ever since starting with the corner project in the years 1955 to 1961 are mostly sucide instants jumping from bridges.; however, this being a summer month it becomes more common to see incidents of drownings that are not sucide related, rather just swimming accidents.
BG 2/28/08
1962
For this year I filed for the months of May and November. One correlation I have been trying to put together with the deaths is not just the certain events that occur in these years that might give us and understanding, but more about how other uncontrollable factors that usual occur at this time. For Example: Weather. What is a good cause explanation for car accidents happening more often in the winter months of December, January, and February compared to few in the spring, summer, or fall? Weather can contribute to one aspect to this. Roads are slippery in the winter than in the spring, summer, and fall. More cars are more probable to accident due to this reason. Just like rainy months, like April, October, have more pneumonia cases then most months. May and November are similar in the sense that, what might be happening more in May is not happening as much in November such as pool drowning. It's sunny in May, and more people are likely to swim, compared to November no one swims, its cold.
BG 3-5-08
1970
Starting the files this week we just started to get into the 70's and boy things are sure different. The case files have changed quite a bit and gives specific detailed information on autopsies, clothing, and contacts. I have already encountered two files full of pictures of autopsies. The new files that i have found take place in July and august. What's different with these deaths compared to the ones we've dealt with in the past is the type. All Auto and homicides went somewhere else held by the state government. Most of these files are heart conditions, diseases, accidents, and suicides. What i have come across more is no coronary occlusions, which it seems that the autopsy reports are real spot on accurate cause of death that the naming is more specific and exact.
BG 3-19-08
1972
The files are towards the end and there have not been any trends that would not make sense compared to making sense. There is a good mix of causes of deaths in the 1970 files since they changed the format. Everything in the files is more precise with information. What I found interesting is "coronary occlusion" comes up maybe 4 times as a cause of death. Partly because there is, a high sense of technology that can help determine the cause of death more accurately than before when in a box of files there would be 25 files that listed coronary occlusion and assorted cases of other heart diseases. The contexts of the files have changed. Information is harder to obtain. In the 50's and 60's, the cause of death followed an explanation on the press report now for example: its acute cardiac failure. If you wanted to find out how you have to piece together many reports, toxicology reports, autopsies, and so on.
One other thing about the files is the auto and drug cases went to another branch in the government for investigation. The files are empty. Sometimes five files will appear in a row, indicating a multi pile up in an auto accident, or a massive drug overdose killing more than one person. We have no access to these files and cannot examine them. On the contrary, today I encountered a house fire killing four people inside. The folders appeared four in a row, and contained information about the accident unlike the auto accidents and drug accidents. Who knows if eventually, all house fires will be treated the same as homicide, auto, and drug.
BG 3-31-08
1973
The coroner's office has marked on the files W.W.I. The marking is not related to World War I, which the deaths vary in age and have no history of begin the World War one time range. Three things I can think of that might relate them is: Place, Hospital, and Natural causes. For the place, many of the files were sent elsewhere to different places such as homicide that was sent of somewhere else in the state, Drug files and homicides. In addition, the word morgue written in the upper left hand corner can refer to where the body comes from. Which makes me think that W.W.I. is a place somewhere in Pittsburgh or the state? I went to the coroner's office website and found nothing. One correlation i found was the natural causes. Many of the deaths happen of natural causes and the death took place in the hospital. It makes little sense to the main question: what does W.W.I. stand for? Who knows, I try to research this and see what happens to pop up.
BG 4-2-08
1973 then "timewarp" to 1893
Finishing from 1973 files on Friday, I encountered again many W.W.I. files. I can only assume that the files departed to different departments within the coroner's office. The only reason is assumption. The files concerning W.W.I. are nothing different from the morgue ones other than natural causes and I had many believes that it had to do to hospital deaths and age, but the results vary so much its tough to tell. When leaving the 1970 files, I could not really pin point it. I hope that other coroner project teams can look into this later.
Now we are jumping into the older files that consist of railroad accidents and "dropping dead." in 1893, It was and is only imagined that the deaths couldn't be pin pointed accurately due to cause of death due to technology begin not advance in the slightest. Certain heart conditions fall to floors, or head conditions, I have not seen these typical deaths that occurred in the 50, 60, 70's occur in the 1890's yet. I assumethe process of listing never will till doctors start to narrow in on a proper analysis and the coroner's office advances in organzation skills.
BG 4-4-08
1896
An interesting finding today, wasn't sure how to place this in the wiki other than in chronology. I received a suicide today of a man who was visiting Pittsburgh from New York City. This case was one of my first encounters for this age with vast paper work and information. Many telegrams were attached sent to the wife of the deceased, living in New York. THIS is where it gets interesting, the man who has died must have been popular in his community as they wrote an obituary, and this obituary was in GERMAN. I looked into this and found that the only German American newspaper based in New York City at that time was the Frank Leslie's illustrirte Zeitung. Evidently, I was not aware that there was many foreign language newspapers at the time reporting news to and through out their community. This was interesting because of the time period, when immigration was at its height. Many towns had foreign language papers to communicate throughout the community. How wide scale it was in 1896 is amazing, and watching the cities who stop as immigration goes down is a good trend to watch for.
BG 4-11-08
1897
I have just finished my final box on the corner case files. what did I encounter? Same old same old. There was train deaths and sucides. "Oil of cedar" and "Rat be gone" are my favorite digestive killers of choice, but it seems the majority have chosen the hanging of tree route. Something in particular I found intresting was how many homeless deaths there are. How do you find a homeless death? Do thing list homeless? No, the files do not have a social status marked (some lack age and race); however, you can tell from the "unknown man" status. during this time period it was awfully hard to find someone, becasue files were all paper, not digtal. Dective work was more valued, and most people had witnesses and ID one them. My assumption, unless the state of the homeless death altered his/her appearance, to be determined homeless was no validation of idenitifation of body by witness. there have been quite a through that i have seen over the past month working with the older files, and 3 today.
well, I guess this is where I say good-bye. It was a pleasure working with these files and group of people. I don't cry much, only during sappy movies. Well this is no exception, no crying for me. however, now that I'm writing (quite possibly) my last bio entry the experience is over whelming, I had great times, read SO many intresting things that it hit me ever so slightly and especially hard, that this internship was actually benifical towards my not just my career but my life.
4-22-08
Reflection Letter on the project
For the past 4 months, starting in January 2008 to April 2008, I have been taking part in an internship at the Archives Service Center at the University of Pittsburgh working on the Corner Case Files of Allegheny County. The Experience has been a great one. As a senior history major, this has been one of the most beneficial opportunities that helped me acquire more necessary skills in being a historian. How has this been a beneficial opportunity? From different classes in the past, I learned how to apply past events to determine the outcome of the files, increase my writing skills, and the experience to work with physically with hard copy documents and use them to make my own interpretation and elevations of the supposed deaths.
In January we (corner case interns) started in the year 1953. By April we had completed up to 1973 and 1893 to 1896. The last twenty years documents were fascinating to work with. Some had pictures, readable reports, logical explanations, autopsy reports, and other documentation to explain the cause of death. This part was easier for me at least to determine the way people died and why. I connected a lot of questions together, for example, on many (when I mean many, I mean fifty out of two hundred a box) cause of deaths listed “coronary occlusion.” This meant heart complications, heart attack, and heart disease. As the years went on, there were less “coronary occlusions” and more cardio vascular accidents and myocardial infarctions. Medical advancements were growing at this point in time. The ability for doctors to diagnose heart problems became easier and the breakthroughs in modern medicine allowed doctors to track these problems. Another example would be, if the Coroner Case Files only report unusual deaths that undergo investigation why would it be listed in the files? Being able to read different documents and put together pieces helped me with understanding my major. Like the occurrence of heart attack victims in the files, I read and found out that they were usually found dead on a street, in a car, at a home, and there was no reason (sometimes) for the decease to have died of a heart failure, perfect health and such. The City Coroner investigated because it was odd term of events, and were looking to see if there was a hand of foul play involved.
A difficulty with the files occurred, this was toward the end, or you could say the beginning. In April we had just started the 1893 files, and because of the condition of these files being tattered, fragile, old, and the writing being very hard to examine, finding information for an entry or cause a death was hard to determine. However, as a personal experience regarding the files, it was rather entertaining. The amounts of unusual deaths were piled high in the 1890’s. Because after a while it became easier to determine the deaths and read the cursive ink pen on the documents. So, finding out how many people became intoxicate and walked in front of a train accidentally was amusing.
On that note, that was one negative or positive thing I absorbed from this project: I acquired a sick sense of humor. After reading 100 files about people dying, committing suicide, car accidents, and even baby deaths, you have to build a stronger emotional feeling towards this case or it becomes overwhelming. The first day I read a suicide note, and I became sad and cried. After a week I realized that I will be seeing this for the next 4 months and I have to become stronger to deal with it.
Overall, I enjoy the opportunity of this internship. I found out about events and heard about all the places in the city of Pittsburgh. I have been a resident of Pittsburgh for 10 years and believe it or not I have from these files created an appreciation for this city. People died, and it made me like Pittsburgh more, go figure. The internship let me meet a lot of good people and these people were interested in the same thing I was. The archiving also helped me narrow down that this would be something I would like to do in graduate school and for my career afterwards. The Corner Case Project has been an amazing experience and I do not regret it one iota.
BG 4-28-08
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